Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, especially in teenagers and young adults. It happens when hair follicles become blocked with oil (sebum) and dead skin cells, which can lead to blackheads, whiteheads, red spots and, in more severe cases, painful lumps (nodules or cysts).
What causes acne?
- Extra oil production, often linked to hormonal changes during puberty, menstrual cycles or pregnancy
- Blocked pores and bacteria on the skin
- Family history of acne
- Some medicines and heavy, oily cosmetics
Looking after acne-prone skin
- Wash the face gently twice a day with a mild cleanser; avoid harsh scrubbing
- Use “non-comedogenic” or oil-free moisturisers and make-up
- Do not squeeze or pick spots – this can cause scarring
- Give any treatment several weeks to work before judging it
Types of treatment
Treatment depends on how severe the acne is and should be chosen with a doctor or pharmacist:
- Topical treatments (creams and gels applied to the skin), such as benzoyl peroxide, retinoids like adapalene, and topical antibiotics.
- Oral antibiotics for moderate acne, prescribed by a doctor.
- Hormonal treatment for some women, prescribed by a doctor.
- Isotretinoin for severe acne. This is a prescription-only medicine used under specialist supervision. It must not be taken during pregnancy because it can seriously harm an unborn baby.
When to see a doctor
- Acne is severe, painful or leaving scars
- Over-the-counter products have not helped after a couple of months
- Acne is affecting your confidence or mood
- Acne appears suddenly in adulthood
Browse skin care products and skin disease medicines at Fatima Online Pharmacy. Prescription medicines require a valid prescription.
Important
This article is general health information, not medical advice. It does not replace a consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Prescription-only medicines are supplied only against a valid prescription.
Last updated: 13 October 2026
