Iron deficiency anaemia happens when the body does not have enough iron to make haemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen. It is common in Pakistan, particularly among women, pregnant women and young children.
Common signs
- Tiredness and lack of energy
- Shortness of breath on exertion
- Pale skin
- Headaches or dizziness
- Brittle nails or hair loss
These symptoms can have other causes, so a blood test is needed to confirm anaemia.
Common causes
- Not enough iron in the diet
- Heavy periods
- Pregnancy, when iron needs increase
- Blood loss from the stomach or bowel
- Conditions that reduce iron absorption
Iron in food
Good sources include red meat, liver, chicken, fish, eggs, lentils (daal), chickpeas, beans and dark green leafy vegetables. Vitamin C (for example from citrus fruit) helps the body absorb iron, while tea taken with meals can reduce absorption.
Iron supplements
- Iron is available as tablets, capsules, syrups and, for some patients, injections given in hospital or clinic.
- Your doctor will decide the right product and how long to take it, usually after a blood test.
- Common side effects include stomach upset, constipation and dark stools.
- Keep iron supplements out of reach of children – iron overdose is dangerous for children.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you have symptoms of anaemia, if you are pregnant, or if you notice blood in your stool or very heavy periods. The underlying cause of iron deficiency should always be found.
Browse iron supplements and vitamins at Fatima Online Pharmacy.
Important
This article is general health information, not medical advice. It does not replace a consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Prescription-only medicines are supplied only against a valid prescription.
Last updated: 13 October 2026
